> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://offthepace.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# stg_pits

> One row per pit stop: a lap carrying PitInTime.

<Note>Part of the [Staging](/transform/families/staging) family.</Note>

One row per pit stop: a lap carrying PitInTime. Bronze splits a stop across two lap rows (PitInTime on the in-lap, PitOutTime on the out-lap), so the exit side is resolved with a LEAD over the driver's own pit laps and out-lap-only rows — including pit-lane race starts — are not emitted as stops. 5,336 stops across 2018–2024.

## Lineage

```mermaid theme={null}
flowchart LR
  stg_pits --> int_pit_loss_circuit
  stg_pits --> int_pit_strategy_value
  style stg_pits fill:#e40404,stroke:#e40404,color:#fff
```

## Overview

| Property          | Value                                  |
| ----------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Layer             | `staging`                              |
| Family            | [Staging](/transform/families/staging) |
| Contract enforced | No                                     |

**6 tests** [guard](/transform/ci/overview) this model  -  4 generic, 2 singular.

## Columns

| Column               | Type      | Nullable | Tests                                                                        | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| -------------------- | --------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `lap_id`             | `varchar` | Yes      | [`not_null`](/transform/ci/structural), [`unique`](/transform/ci/structural) | Foreign key to stg\_laps (the pit-in lap).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `race_year`          | `integer` | Yes      |                                                                              | Season year.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `race_id`            | `varchar` | Yes      |                                                                              | Numeric FastF1 event id cast to string.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `driver_id`          | `varchar` | Yes      |                                                                              | FastF1 three-letter driver code.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `pit_in_lap_number`  | `integer` | Yes      | [`not_null`](/transform/ci/structural)                                       | Lap on which the car entered the pit lane.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `pit_out_lap_number` | `integer` | Yes      |                                                                              | Lap on which the car exited, always pit\_in\_lap\_number + 1 where an out-lap exists. NULL for the 227 stops with no following out-lap (retired in the pit lane, or the race ended under the stop).                                                                                                                                         |
| `stint_number`       | `integer` | Yes      |                                                                              | Stint index of the in-lap, i.e. the stint this stop ends.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `compound_in`        | `varchar` | Yes      |                                                                              | Tyre compound removed at this stop (UPPER), read off the in-lap. Bronze reports each lap's own rubber, so this differs from compound\_out on 3,844 of 5,109 stops.                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `compound_out`       | `varchar` | Yes      |                                                                              | Tyre compound fitted on exit (UPPER), read off the out-lap; NULL when there is none.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `pit_in_time_s`      | `double`  | Yes      | [`not_null`](/transform/ci/structural)                                       | Session clock (s) at pit entry.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `pit_out_time_s`     | `double`  | Yes      |                                                                              | Session clock (s) at pit exit, taken from the out-lap row; NULL when there is none.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `pit_duration_s`     | `double`  | Yes      |                                                                              | pit\_out\_time\_s − pit\_in\_time\_s (seconds): pit entry to pit exit, so it spans the whole pit lane rather than the stationary time alone. Median 23.93 s. Red-flag stoppages and garage returns fall inside the car's pit window and inflate it — 388 of 5,109 exceed 60 s — so consumers wanting a green-flag service time must filter. |